相比较于MySQL的源代码安装来说。免编译二进制包的速度实在是快了太多，而且性能损失也不是很大，同时具有一定的定制性。所以，如果没有特殊的 需求，尽量用MySQL免编译二进制包来安装MySQL。

1.下载软件包

# 5.6版本应该都是可以的。具体版本自己选
# http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/
用的mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.依赖包安装

yum -y install libaio

3.进入/usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src/

4.解压软件包

tar -xvf mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

5.将解压后的软件包移动到/usr/local并改名为mysql

mv mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

6.进入/usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

7.新建用户和数据目录

useradd -M  -s /sbin/nologin mysql 
id mysql
mkdir -p  /data/mysql
chown -R  mysql:mysql /data/mysql

8.初始化mysql

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

9.修改配置文件

mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.mariadb.cnf.bak
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

sed -i  's@# basedir =@basedir = /usr/local/mysql@' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i  's@# datadir =@datadir = /data/mysql@' /etc/my.cnf 
sed -i  's@# socket =@socket = /tmp/mysql.sock@' /etc/my.cnf 

10.拷贝/usr/local/mysql/suppsupport-files/mysql.server启动脚本到/etc/init.d下

#需在/usc/local/mysql目录下
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

11.编辑 mysqld脚本

#修改如下内容
sed -i 's@basedir=$@basedir=/usr/local/mysql@' /etc/init.d/mysqld    
sed -i 's@datadir=$@datadir=/data/mysql@' /etc/init.d/mysqld  

12.将mysql设置为开机启动

# cd /etc/init.d/
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --list

13.设置PATH，否则不能直接调用mysql，修改/etc/profile文件，在文件末尾添加

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
#添加环境变量后，source或 . 生效
source /etc/profile  

1. 验证

   /etc/init.d/mysqld start netstat -nltup | grep :3306 ps aux | grep mysqld lsof -i :3306

QA

Error: Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 解决: yum -y install libaio