spring集成多个rabbitMQ - HelloWorld开发者社区

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/zz775854904/article/details/81092892

MQ全称为Message Queue, 消息队列（MQ）是一种应用程序对应用程序的通信方法。应用程序通过读写出入队列的消息（针对应用程序的数据）来通信，而无需专用连接来链接它们。消息传递指的是程序之间通过在消息中发送数据进行通信，而不是通过直接调用彼此来通信，直接调用通常是用于诸如远程过程调用的技术。排队指的是应用程序通过队列来通信。队列的使用除去了接收和发送应用程序同时执行的要求..

开始正题!

在开发之前需要下载rabbitmq, 而在rabbitmq安装之前,童鞋们需要安装erlang, 因为rabbitmq是用erlang写的.

安装完毕之后,我们建立一个maven项目.然后我们开始配置项目.

<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
org.springframework
spring-core
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-webmvc
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-context
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-context-support
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-aop
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-aspects
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-tx
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-jdbc
${spring.version}
org.springframework
spring-web
${spring.version}

由于是spring整合,我们需要加入spring的依赖.

org.springframework.amqp
spring-rabbit
1.3.5.RELEASE

依赖加好了之后, 我们需要定义消息生产者和消息发送者.

由于exchange有几种,这里我只测试了两种, 通过分别定义两个exchange去绑定direct和topic..

首先, 定义消息生产者, 通过配置将template链接connect-factory并注入到代码中使用.

package com.chris.producer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
@ Service
public class MessageProducer {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageProducer.class);
@ Resource(name="amqpTemplate")
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
@ Resource(name="amqpTemplate2")
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate2;
public void sendMessage(Object message) throws IOException {
logger.info( "to send message:{}", message);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend( "queueTestKey", message);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend( "queueTestChris", message);
amqpTemplate2.convertAndSend( "wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd", message);
}
}

然后我们定义消息消费者, 这里,我定义了三个消费者, 通过监听消息队列, 分别接受各自所匹配的消息.

第一个消费者, 接受direct的消息, 他的exchange为exchangeTest, rout-key为queueTestKey

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class MessageConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info( "consumer receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

第二个消费者, 接受direct的消息(为了测试一个exchange可以发送多个消息), 他的exchange为exchangeTest, rout-key为queueTestChris.

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class ChrisConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ChrisConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info( "chris receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

第三个消费者, 接受topic的消息他的exchange为exchangeTest2, pattern为wuxing.*.. 网上说.*可以匹配一个, .#可以匹配一个或多个..但是笔者好像两个都试了..都可以匹配一个或多个..不知道什么鬼...

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class WuxingConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WuxingConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info( "wuxing receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

然后就是关键的地方了..rabbit整合spring的配置文件.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.2.xsd">
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
username="guest" password="guest" host="localhost" port="5672" />
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
exchange="exchangeTest"/>
<rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<rabbit:queue name="queueTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin"/>
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="exchangeTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin">
rabbit:bindings
<rabbit:binding queue="queueTest" key="queueTestKey">
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
<rabbit:listener queues="queueTest" ref="messageReceiver"/>
<rabbit:queue name="queueChris" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin"/>
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="exchangeTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin">
rabbit:bindings
<rabbit:binding queue="queueChris" key="queueTestChris">
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
<rabbit:listener queues="queueChris" ref="receiverChris"/>
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory2"
username="guest" password="guest" host="localhost" port="5672"/>
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate2" connection-factory="connectionFactory2"
exchange="exchangeTest2"/>
<rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin2" connection-factory="connectionFactory2"/>
<rabbit:queue name="queueWuxing" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin2"/>
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="exchangeTest2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin2">
rabbit:bindings
<rabbit:binding queue="queueWuxing" pattern="wuxing.*">
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory2" >
<rabbit:listener queues="queueWuxing" ref="recieverWuxing"/>

这里,有个问题笔者研究了好久...就是如何定义两个exchange, 一开始一直不成功..直到找到了一篇国外的文章才解决...

定义两个exchange的时候, 需要用到declared-by..

而这个必须要引入下面的这个申明, 才有..

http: //www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http: //www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.2.xsd">

文件中大概的配置解释一下.

connect-factory进行连接rabbitmq服务.

template用于连接factory并指定exchange, 这上面还能直接指定rout-key.

admin相当于一个管理员的角色..可以将exchange和queue进行管理,

queue和topic-exchange分别定义队列和路由器, 这里需要用declared-by指定管理员,从而连接到相应的factory.

listener-container用于消费者的监听(其实,rabbit配置中是可以指定某个类的某个方法的, 但是笔者失败了, 还在试验中...)

这里还有一个问题...需要大家注意..

当一个exchange绑定了一种类型之后, 这个exchange在配置就不能再换成另一种了.会一直报错, received 'direct' but current is 'topic' 类似这种..

笔者这个也是被坑了若干时间去找问题...

然后贴下spring的基本配置

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.chris.consumer, com.chris.producer" />
<context:annotation-config />
<context:spring-configured />

然后是单元测试类, 这里通过输出100-1慢慢递减,去观察控制台消费者接收消息的情况.

package com.chris;
import com.chris.producer.MessageProducer;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class MessageTest {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageTest.class);
private ApplicationContext context = null;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
}
@Test
public void should_send_a_amq_message() throws Exception {
MessageProducer messageProducer = (MessageProducer) context.getBean( "messageProducer");
int a = 100;
while (a > 0) {
messageProducer.sendMessage( "Hello, I am amq sender num :" + a--);
try {
//暂停一下，好让消息消费者去取消息打印出来
Thread.sleep( 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}

然后控制台的结果如下(这里只贴出关键信息, 其他配置的log的省略了)

2016-09-22 16:15:00,330 [main] INFO [com.chris.producer.MessageProducer] - to send message:Hello, I am amq sender num :100
2016-09-22 16:15:00,348 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory] - Creating cached Rabbit Channel from AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,348 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,349 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest], routingKey = [queueTestKey]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,357 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,358 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest], routingKey = [queueTestChris]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,368 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory] - Creating cached Rabbit Channel from AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,369 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,369 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest2], routingKey = [wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,370 [pool-1-thread-6] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-hyW85GZHk-AHLLFJUmNLDQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,372 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestKey, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,373 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.MessageConsumer] - consumer receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestKey, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,374 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Retrieving delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-hyW85GZHk-AHLLFJUmNLDQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,379 [pool-2-thread-4] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-T-c1red0T_HHyCFfpXLYIQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,381 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest2, receivedRoutingKey=wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,382 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.WuxingConsumer] - wuxing receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest2, receivedRoutingKey=wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,383 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Retrieving delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-T-c1red0T_HHyCFfpXLYIQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,396 [pool-1-thread-5] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-h5ERpaWrnqmkNhbfM7S8Ww]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,397 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestChris, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,398 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.ChrisConsumer] - chris receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestChris, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])