本文索引:
- Nginx访问日志
- Nginx日志切割
- 静态文件不记录日志和过期时间
Nginx访问日志
- 修改nginx配置文件 - [root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf - 搜索:/log_format- 在nginx中以;作为一行的结尾,所以下列代码时一个配置- 格式:“log_format 日志格式名 格式;”- log_format test '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' ' $host "$request_uri" $status' ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; 
格式内使用的变量说明如下:
变量名
说明
$remote_addr
客户端ip(公网ip)
$http_x_forwarded_for
代理服务器的ip
$time_local
服务器本地时间
$host
访问主机名(域名)
$request_uri
访问的url地址
$status
状态码
$http_referer
referer
$http_user_agent
user_agent
- 在虚拟主机内定义日志路径 - 在server块内插入- access_log /tmp/test.com.log test; - 格式为access_log 日志存放路径 日志格式名(主配置文件内定义的)
- 重启服务 - [root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 
- 验证效果 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index.php - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index1.php - 成功记录- [root@localhost vhost]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [03/Jan/2018:19:05:22 +0800] test.com "/" 401 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [03/Jan/2018:19:05:34 +0800] test2.com "/index.php" 301 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [03/Jan/2018:19:05:39 +0800] test2.com "/index1.php" 301 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
Nginx日志切割
nginx没有apache内的rotatelog日志切割命令,我们可以通过自定义shell脚本来实现日志切割的功能。
- 创建自定义脚本 - [root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh [root@localhost vhost]# cat /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh #!/bin/bash - date +%Y%m%d 显示的是今天的日期- 加上 -d "-1 day" 显示的是昨天的日期- d= - date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d- 定义日志存放的路径,虚拟主机配置文件内定义- logdir="/tmp" - pid文件- nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" - cd $logdir - 在日志存放路径下循环更改日志文件名- for log in - ls *.logdo mv $log $log-$d done- 在不关闭进程前提下重启,等价于nginx -s reload- /bin/kill -HUP - cat $nginx_pid
- 脚本测试 - sh -x 可以显示脚本执行的过程- [root@localhost vhost]# sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh ++ date -d '-1 day' +%Y%m%d - d=20180102
- logdir=/tmp
- nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
- cd /tmp
 - ++ ls test.com.log - for log in 'ls *.log'
- mv test.com.log test.com.log-20180102
 - ++ cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid - /bin/kill -HUP 1299
 - 查看是否实现功能- [root@localhost vhost]# ls /tmp/.log /tmp/test.com.log /tmp/test.com.log-20180102 
- 配合crontab命令周期性执行 - [root@localhost vhost]# crontab -e 0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh 
静态文件不记录日志和过期时间
- 修改虚拟主机配置文件 - [root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf - ~ 匹配后续的正则表示- 使用\转义.,匹配.jpg等文件- location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { # expires设置过期时间 expires 7d; 
 # 关闭日志记录 access_log off; } location ~ .*.(css|js)$ { expires 12h; access_log off; }
- 测试 
- 验证静态文件不记录日志 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/index.php - 401 Authorization Required - 401 Authorization Required- nginx/1.12.2 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.gif jhasdifhoai - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js abdsuofghan - gif/js文件日志未记录访问日志- [root@localhost vhost]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [03/Jan/2018:19:36:25 +0800] test.com "/index.php" 401 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
- 验证过期时间 
- 测试gif的过期时间 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.gif -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:36:52 GMT Content-Type: image/gif Content-Length: 12 Last-Modified: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:35:29 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5a4cc001-c" Expires: Wed, 10 Jan 2018 11:36:52 GMT - 信息内显示max-age时间- Cache-Control: max-age=604800 Accept-Ranges: bytes 
- 测试js文件的过期时间 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:36:58 GMT Content-Type: application/javascript Content-Length: 12 Last-Modified: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:35:44 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5a4cc010-c" Expires: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 23:36:58 GMT - 信息内显示max-age时间- Cache-Control: max-age=43200 Accept-Ranges: bytes 
- 测试PHP文件,没有max-age信息 - [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/index.php HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:46:58 GMT Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Length: 19 Last-Modified: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:36:44 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5a4e1572-13" Accept-Ranges: bytes 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 