Realme的Login接入过程记录 - HelloWorld开发者社区

1.问题的提出

近期要使用Realme作为第三方接入，因为研究了一下Realme的请求过程（Request）和响应（Response），其中包含了一些加密和解密的方式。我们接下来分别从Request和Response两个方面进行讲述。

2.向Realme提交metadata

2.1根据模版修改sp-metadata.xml文件

我们在接入Realme之前，首先要向Realme平台提交我们的信息，其实就相当于把我们的应用注册到Realme。

我们可以从https://developers.realme.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Integration-Bundle-MTS-V2.1.zip下载相关的资源包。

我们以资源包中的MTSSP_PostBinding_Sample.xml作为模版进行修改，需要修改以下几个项目：

(1)entityID

entityID: http://realme.test/mts2/sp

这个是我们接触Realme的唯一标识符，也就是ID。根据RealMe Messaging Specification Login V1.0.pdf第3.2.2 Element 小节的说明：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

entityID的值应该和AuthnRequest的Issuer的格式一致，Issuer格式要求请查询：https://developers.realme.govt.nz/how-realme-works/realme-request-parameters/#login-service-authentication-request

(2)Location

<md:AssertionConsumerService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" Location="https://qacand.sflab.ondemand.com/saml2/SAMLAssertionConsumer?company=hmcscindiaec" index="0" isDefault="true" />

location属性就是IDP返回结果的时候，我们的服务器的接收地址，所以这个必须是公网可以访问的地址，不能使用内网的地址。我们的配置如下：

<md:AssertionConsumerService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" Location="http://52.198.228.221/post.php" index="0" isDefault="true" />

(3)Organization

<md:Organization>
    <md:OrganizationName xml:lang="en-us">
        Sample Service Provider
    </md:OrganizationName>
    <md:OrganizationDisplayName xml:lang="en-us">
        Sample Service Provider
    </md:OrganizationDisplayName>
    <md:OrganizationURL xml:lang="en-us">
        http://52.198.228.221/
    </md:OrganizationURL>
</md:Organization>

这几个参数都是机构名称、机构显示名称、机构的URL这些参数，可以根据情况随便填。

(4)ContactPerson

<md:ContactPerson contactType="technical">
    <md:Company>cloes</md:Company>
    <md:GivenName>cloes</md:GivenName>
    <md:SurName>375600284@qq.com</md:SurName>
</md:ContactPerson>

这些是联系人信息，也可以根据情况随便填

一个完整的SP-metadata.xml例子如下：

<md:EntityDescriptor ID="MTS SP" entityID="http://myrealme.test/mts2/sp" xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" xmlns:md="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:metadata" xmlns:query="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:metadata:ext:query" xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion" xmlns:xenc="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#">
    <md:SPSSODescriptor AuthnRequestsSigned="true" WantAssertionsSigned="true" protocolSupportEnumeration="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol">
        <md:KeyDescriptor use="signing">
            <ds:KeyInfo xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
                <ds:X509Data>
                    <ds:X509Certificate>
MIIDgzCCAmugAwIBAgIEZ2ZIfzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADByMQswCQYDVQQGEwJO
WjEQMA4GA1UECBMHVW5rbm93bjEQMA4GA1UEBxMHVW5rbm93bjEQMA4GA1UEChMH
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                    </ds:X509Certificate>                
                </ds:X509Data>
            </ds:KeyInfo>
        </md:KeyDescriptor>
        <md:KeyDescriptor use="encryption">
            <ds:KeyInfo xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
                <ds:X509Data>
                    <ds:X509Certificate>
MIIDgzCCAmugAwIBAgIEZ2ZIfzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADByMQswCQYDVQQGEwJO
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                    </ds:X509Certificate>                
                </ds:X509Data>
            </ds:KeyInfo>
        </md:KeyDescriptor>
        <md:AssertionConsumerService Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" Location="http://52.198.228.221/post.php" index="0" isDefault="true" />
    </md:SPSSODescriptor>
    <md:Organization>
        <md:OrganizationName xml:lang="en-us">
            Sample Service Provider
        </md:OrganizationName>
        <md:OrganizationDisplayName xml:lang="en-us">
            Sample Service Provider
        </md:OrganizationDisplayName>
        <md:OrganizationURL xml:lang="en-us">
            http://52.198.228.221/
        </md:OrganizationURL>
    </md:Organization>
    <md:ContactPerson contactType="technical">
        <md:Company>cloes</md:Company>
        <md:GivenName>cloes</md:GivenName>
        <md:SurName>375600284@qq.com</md:SurName>
    </md:ContactPerson>
</md:EntityDescriptor>

2.2上传sp的metadata文件

sp的metadata文件上传地址：https://mts.realme.govt.nz/logon-mts/metadataupdate

然后如果通过格式校验后，就会显示如下的页面：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

点击“import”后，就会显示如下页面：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

3.创建AuthnRequest请求

3.1 AuthnRequest的例子

我们可以在RealMe Messaging Specification Login V1.0.pdf中的3.6 Sample Request中找到AuthnRequest的例子：

<samlp:AuthnRequest
    xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"
    xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol"
    AssertionConsumerServiceIndex="0"
    Destination="https://realme.govt.nz/sso/SSORedirect/metaAlias/logon-idp"
    ID="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9"
    IssueInstant="2012-05-21T00:39:32Z"
    ProviderName="Sample Service Provider"
    Version="2.0">
        <saml:Issuer>https://www.sample-client.co.nz/onlineservices/service1</saml:Issuer>
        <samlp:NameIDPolicy AllowCreate="true" Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent"></samlp:NameIDPolicy>
        <samlp:RequestedAuthnContext>
            <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>
            urn:nzl:govt:ict:stds:authn:deployment:GLS:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:ModStrength
            </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>
        </samlp:RequestedAuthnContext>
</samlp:AuthnRequest>

3.2 对AuthnRequest的xml数据进行处理

根据saml-bindings-2.0-os.pdf中3.4.4 Message Encoding的描述，我们需要对AuthnRequest按照以下顺序进行操作:

DEFLATE compression
base64-encoded
URL-encoded

具体可以使用Realme-Go-SDK(https://github.com/cloes/Realme-GO-SDK)

注意：

在这里ID的规则必须以字母"a"开头，例如上面例子中的ID="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9"
issueInstant为AuthnRequest的生成时间，有效时间只有60s，如果超时的话，就需要重新生成issueInstant时间
issueInstant使用的是UTC时间，格式是2012-05-21T00:39:32Z

3.3 向Realme的测试平台提交AuthnRequest

3.3.1 向MTS平台提交测试请求

我们可以向Realme的测试地址提交POST请求，对我们的AuthnRequest进行测试。

测试地址：https://mts.realme.govt.nz/logon-mts/mtsEntryPoint

例如，我们经过上述的数据处理后，我们得到的url地址是：

https://mts.realme.govt.nz/logon-mts/mtsEntryPoint?SAMLRequest=fZJbbxoxEIWfm19h%2BR32QkLCiF0JQVshJRUKVR7y5ngHWMlrbz2zFPLra3ORNlLFq%2BccnW%2FGZ0qqMS3MOt7ZV%2FzTIbE4NMYSxEEhO2%2FBKaoJrGqQgDWsZy%2FPkA9TUETouXZW9iztbU%2FrHTvtjBSzq3vuLHUN%2BjX6fa1xaSs8FDKVYhFgaquippA75pYgSRqmoUdlGhxu3Z6H9jMxbuvsIAzi8Ltlf1y52rIUy0Uh1eThSeUppg8TnY%2BrTG8%2BHkfZePSRqbG%2B30yCiqgLqcTKciHzNHsapPkgG%2F9OR5A%2Fwn32LsXKu31dof8VFjqzRJTjBYQDaMzOE2qleENPJ%2BSwryzvhJjGu8Apxpe3vNOkr7w6W4ipy8XKmVofxcwY93ce3BxI2HcoxQ%2FnG8W3Dx9f6mqwOUmhjYzEGK5UnlO%2FpvTCL63A6tSR8FmMBy7vvp236j%2FOTWjEK27KyGE%2FDcQPglozEFcEKkqhwta4YxOS4efzulcmDTr6A%2FaLq9bs0W55d7nIf1MiYnKT8Trut7v8Bw%3D%3D&SigAlg=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F09%2Fxmldsig%23rsa-sha1&Signature=0U0j1l0a5rwCMWxN8fcU%2BJsLjAJLiTTZgBVWRdz3GkJ%2BojkeGWFVcyGgUepRWYyC%2FlemTluAKpHOAXr1INg2luskaZ%2BWSpQRKUC6t68zEzuZSkhkxnp1YiOWMNlqMCfAT0OdxlADqvwGd2qzCeBN5FxJ0cdqpNdy7g%2BP%2B6PukB8wOTGWqp0AfAaAK506ZDiuvZofg8rotIxYYmuloA44mOiQw5D5aV04FkThZSPBsZ9XvEXeB4aKHFpaTRsguxxsUNc8tttuW5aUJsNwunU%2Fk2ybxYYiA80CSqZR5qTFc7DP%2Fz90DtvzADXoyrMTpKGJp6pWWobNRly9g17IJxtqoA%3D%3D

在有效时间内，访问上述地址，测试系统会显示如下页面：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

3.3.2 向MTS的在线校验平台验证AuthnRequest的格式正确性（可选步骤）

我们可以先在线验证我们的AuthnRequest请求格式，确定了格式的正确性后，我们再向正式的MTS平台发起请求。

在线校验地址：https://mts.realme.govt.nz/logon-mts/authnrequestsubmit

如果验证不通过的话，它会显示相关的错误信息，如图：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

如果验证通过，我们会得到以下的页面：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

我们可以在User fit输入框中输入我们自定义的内容，本例中我们输入"CLoesTest"

4.对Response响应进行解密

4.1 进行base64逆向编码

Realme返回的Response是经过base64的，我们需要对它进行base64的逆向编码。逆向编码后的结果如下：

<samlp:Response xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol" ID="s25cb319258fe2feb9b98c29d2bb3819de8d9950cc" InResponseTo="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2018-01-23T11:19:44Z" Destination="http://52.198.228.221/post.php"><saml:Issuer xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion">https://mts.realme.govt.nz/saml2</saml:Issuer><samlp:Status xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol">
<samlp:StatusCode  xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol"
Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success">
</samlp:StatusCode>
</samlp:Status><saml:EncryptedAssertion xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"><xenc:EncryptedData xmlns:xenc="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#" Type="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#Element"><xenc:EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc"/><ds:KeyInfo xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"><xenc:EncryptedKey><xenc:EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#rsa-1_5"/><xenc:CipherData><xenc:CipherValue>lPptVGLFfJk/BiJsS1/XPwtJGwuGc8M4c1Qq1RkBYbS4cwIIS1AljVC88qaSCKTqh7PFBF+LSyeW
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7Ju8XPlIDZNSQOATi6VCbdJQYw==</xenc:CipherValue></xenc:CipherData></xenc:EncryptedData></saml:EncryptedAssertion></samlp:Response>

我们看到samlp:StatusCode标签:

<samlp:StatusCode  xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol" Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success">
</samlp:StatusCode>

StatusCode标签的结果表明了我们的这次请求是成功的。下面是请求失败的情况下的错误代码：

Realme的Login接入过程记录

4.2 对Response内容进行AES解密

4.2.1 获取AES密钥

标签xenc:CipherValue中的内容就是AES的密钥：

<xenc:CipherValue>lPptVGLFfJk/BiJsS1/XPwtJGwuGc8M4c1Qq1RkBYbS4cwIIS1AljVC88qaSCKTqh7PFBF+LSyeW
tiXPhx8N01T9s1OYfxszXSSWB/u0P8KB4Vh9mpux+ZRxvlDm46Nn7FZ6lnR/bqWbec058Gpi+yt8
iC5lNPT4yYjJZw5WZi2wMCSLlalQZtgQ156hhCmg8jcEqVi887j2+XwBkCl5ooUef3cezg/nFx40
f4kdbXwaKJFASg2iM98KHo3HNeJRM/u/rNgrvmbjoHWvTZAbd4Im4yzmB+b7EpSX+YGOqySD8HF4
uY70nayiLskLAbqfM6X9Vsmp3njksgbNO+WYBw==</xenc:CipherValue>

这个密钥也是经过base64编码的，我们需要对它进行base64的逆向编码。接下来，我们还需要对其进行RSA解密，我们使用Integration-Bundle-MTS-V2.1.zip中的mts_saml_sp.pem文件作为RSA的私钥，然后对AES的密钥进行解密，解密后的内容才是真正的AES密钥。

CipherValue标签值->base64解码->RSA解密

4.2.2 获取AES的IV值

Response的xml里面指明了加密方式：

<xenc:EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc"/>

Algorithm值说明了使用的是AES128-CBC加密方式，我们打开链接http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc

然后，我们可以在章节 "5.2.2 AES" 看到如下的内容：

[AES] is used in the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode with a 128 bit initialization vector (IV). The resulting cipher text is prefixed by the IV. If included in XML output, it is then base64 encoded. An example AES EncryptionMethod is as follows:

<EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128-cbc"/>

上面的内容指出AES的加密内容的前面的128bit就是initialization vector (IV)，128 bit就是16字母。

我们在xenc:CipherValue中找到了AES的内容，截取前面的16个字符就是：

eFNfWyzq4uqUjtZI

4.2.3 对主体内容进行AES解密

xenc:CipherValue标签里面的内容就是AES的主体加密内容，也是经过了base64编码的，我们对其进行base64逆向编码，然后得到的是经过AES加密的一串乱码。接下来，我们使用前面获得的AES密钥和IV对AES的内容进行解密。

PS:AES使用的padding方式是PKCS#5

AES正确解密后的内容格式是xml:

<saml:Assertion xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion" ID="s208b1e913d1cbc624cc460731a07d0a20029f0fe2" IssueInstant="2018-01-23T11:19:44Z" Version="2.0">
<saml:Issuer>https://mts.realme.govt.nz/saml2</saml:Issuer><ds:Signature xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"></ds:CanonicalizationMethod>
<ds:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"></ds:SignatureMethod>
<ds:Reference URI="#s208b1e913d1cbc624cc460731a07d0a20029f0fe2">
<ds:Transforms>
<ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"></ds:Transform>
<ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"></ds:Transform>
</ds:Transforms>
<ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"></ds:DigestMethod>
<ds:DigestValue>VtVdWXO0ra7OOBUT6S5X0QyaNAk=</ds:DigestValue>
</ds:Reference>
</ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:SignatureValue>
emG7LErhFWVv6CqGvrY3IxeKT8MssQn8ZfrkuLIwZgnxSoCunq8sqnJDd5U2YIhp/jJwn2R/fA4L
foAeIlDwMX+/VRTcBoQAer5lBNPDqIWFqzza1R5+KxTfgQAe+tgvLAypk7M18u8vwAkLSaNtlE2Y
zu7CK5i6QVN+3V6Rt2LzjoQE8MYZwG9Qu75+xHeurZ9xzccfG64FmAB5QG+vRFXVUeYCywGuhhen
8AvFn+zOfSdxfe/FIXDCp4a4dajHFtuJTBhbX255skKX+XPebApydgJlulQ5VX/Xzr27Kpnbo4J0
WGDLOs/FyssV79a3LszIKyBqVjP4fy0GZ3gYCA==
</ds:SignatureValue>
<ds:KeyInfo>
<ds:X509Data>
<ds:X509Certificate>
MIIECTCCAvGgAwIBAgIEM4QPozANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBtDELMAkGA1UEBhMCTloxEzARBgNV
BAgTCldlbGxpbmd0b24xEzARBgNVBAcTCldlbGxpbmd0b24xJzAlBgNVBAoTHkRlcGFydG1lbnQg
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1cuujIcb/qXCd0YXDICVqG74g0jkyk3V3gJuy5utTft6KrU/h9IuIudTP5xKwcaRtXlZoZkxxcOa
P6aBw8EPks3mfA7pknOtb1fvlYF4bXggNFYqxJCtBi5gLYQISRL8UWAW/EdN+mDIXn9BuQAsuS3s
1DTx/+dJy+9CZXNzK5i6bCj6TBnugasbkoOx8fdpYBmGlIZO7QIDAQABoyEwHzAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU
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nzCs8DPcswcETlQuju3Y4ys/spMgugrErqxyWcEB9nf9amtYFPkeuCwQ9PUxHCjSCCzmS9T6PhK+
iX83vL+IlMe3RsR9pdAYBI2lUcTMLHy2jGfgwTF+nGvH/48PImu7EAZj7pQgY3gk3J1F23BZ28aH
5N+RuDBY+17nk/yiqierT1J8/RUE2SGT9029sM0XSTQNYj3rB7K6foISbhqeiNlVDBmXUBWNtNxX
k6M088a1Op/ZucUC1haKpHtsszuF8wxC0PApX+yZWdiOPTewCWBhRjWMbr1gQJ7FV+LcpIHUqxaq
JPsnOwYNA0BljHk=
</ds:X509Certificate>
</ds:X509Data>
</ds:KeyInfo>
</ds:Signature><saml:Subject>
<saml:NameID Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent" NameQualifier="https://mts.realme.govt.nz/saml2" SPNameQualifier="http://myrealme.test/mts2/sp">CloesTest</saml:NameID><saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">
<saml:SubjectConfirmationData InResponseTo="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9" NotOnOrAfter="2018-01-23T11:29:44Z" Recipient="http://52.198.228.221/post.php"></saml:SubjectConfirmationData></saml:SubjectConfirmation>
</saml:Subject><saml:Conditions NotBefore="2018-01-23T11:09:44Z" NotOnOrAfter="2018-01-23T11:29:44Z">
<saml:AudienceRestriction>
<saml:Audience>http://myrealme.test/mts2/sp</saml:Audience>
</saml:AudienceRestriction>
</saml:Conditions>
<saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2018-01-23T11:19:44Z" SessionIndex="s217b46f7dc993c8eca69f20759bead732962ddb01"><saml:AuthnContext><saml:AuthnContextClassRef>urn:nzl:govt:ict:stds:authn:deployment:GLS:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:ModStrength</saml:AuthnContextClassRef></saml:AuthnContext></saml:AuthnStatement></saml:Assertion>

请注意下面的xml标签：

<saml:SubjectConfirmationData InResponseTo="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9" NotOnOrAfter="2018-01-23T11:29:44Z" Recipient="http://52.198.228.221/post.php">

里面的InResponseTo是和AuthnRequest中的ID是对应的，这个请求的AuthnRequest可以看前面的内容，这里再发一遍ID部分内容：

<samlp:AuthnRequest
xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"
xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol"
AssertionConsumerServiceIndex="0"
Destination="https://realme.govt.nz/sso/SSORedirect/metaAlias/logon-idp"
ID="a958a20e059c26d1cfb73163b1a6c4f9"
IssueInstant="2012-05-21T00:39:32Z"
ProviderName="Sample Service Provider"
Version="2.0">

通过这个InResponseTo的返回值，我们可以和AuthnReauest请求一一对应起来。

另外，Response还返回了User Fit的值：

<saml:NameID Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent" NameQualifier="https://mts.realme.govt.nz/saml2" SPNameQualifier="http://myrealme.test/mts2/sp">CloesTest</saml:NameID>

我们前面在Realme的测试地址中，使用"CloesTest"作为User Fit的值，在这个Response中系统返回了这个值。

至此，对于Realme的AuthnRequest已经完成，我们可以根据自身的业务需要，根据AuthnRequest的返回结果来写入session等相关的用户凭证操作。